Carburetor



F. W. WAKEFIELD CARBURETOR Filed May 6, 1918 a sheets-sheet 1 IFehZ'Y,11923.

F. W. WAKEFIELD CARBURETOR Filed May 6, 1918 2 sheets-sheet 2 "it" r j3, r7 reiterated lee. 2.4,

FREDERICK 1V. WAKEFIELD, 6F

"J'E-EB'IILION. 01-110, ASSIGIEIOZL- TS THE F. 1V. VIAKE- FIELD BRASSCOMPANY, OF VERMILION, 01-110, A GO'EP'OBA-TIGN 0F OHIQ.

CABBURETOB.

Application filed May 6, 1918. SeriaI No. 232,691.

To aZZ whom it may concern: H

Be it lrnown that I, liiuiennioi-z 1V. WAKE- FIELD, a citizen of theUnited States, and a resident of Vermilion, county of Erie, and State ofOhio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Carburetors, ofwhich the following is a specification; the principle of the inventionbeing herein explained, and the best mode in which I have contemplatedapplying that principle so as to distinguish it from other inventions.

The present improvements, relating as indicated to charge formingdevices, or car buretors, as they are commonly termed. for internalcombustion engines, have as their object the provision of a, device ofthis sort wherein variations in the suction of the engine illautomatically effect the necessary adjustments to provide a uniformcharge in the proper amount. A further object is to provide a devicethat will be simple in construction with no float chamber or heatvalves, and with a minimum of moving parts elsewhere. To theaccomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, said invention, then,consists of the means hereinafter fully described and particularlypointed out in the claims.

The annexed drawings and the following descri 'ition set forth in detailcertain mechanism embodying the invention, such disclosed meansconstituting, however, but one of various mechanical forms in which theprinciple of the invention may be used.

In said annexed drawing-:

Figure 1 is a'central vertical section of a charge forminp device orcarburetor embodying my present improvements; Figure 2 .is a similarcentral vertical. section of a portion of such device, the plane 0 thesection being at right angles to that of Figure 1, as indicated by line22 of said Figure 1 nd Figures 3. 4f, 5 and 6 are transverse sew tionstaken on the horizontal planes indi- 5-43 and 6-6 i carouretor ofgenerall r cylindrical form and may be regarded ll transversely into twochambereb constricted portion The upthese 2 is designed to communicatedirechy with the engine manifold (not shown), and is normally separatedfrom the lower chamber 3 by means of an outer annular valve 4 thatapproximately contacts with the side wall of the chamber at 5, and aninner piston 6 that is adapted similarly to close the interior spacedeiined by such annular valve, it being noted that, the aforesaid walliiares outwardly above the line of contact f the annular valveltl'ierewith. This valve is adapted to be positively raised from thenormal posit on illl'lStl'ltGt'l in Figures 1 and 2, and held in suchraised position by means of an externally operated shaft 7 carrying apinion 8 that meshes with a raclr 9 attached to such valve, which mayaccordingly be regarded as in the nature of a throttle valve.

rrtta-ched to such annular valve by means of two rods 11, so as to beoperated in conjunction therewith, are the arms 40 of a second annularvalve 1 which is fitted to the interior of the wall of the lower chamber3 and which in its normal position closes a series of apertures 13 insuch chan'iber wall. As the throttle valve l is raised, however, thislower valve is corres iondingly raised to admit an increased quantity ofair to the interior of the lower chamber, thus constituting an auxiliaryair valve in efiect.

Rising centrally from the bottom of the lower chamber is tubular duct 15that has communication at its lower end through a passage 16 in suchbottom wall with the fuel supply duct 17, connection of the latter withthe aforesaid passage. being controlled by means of. a needle valve 18,as clearly shown in Figure 6; while vertically reciprocablo within suchcentral duct is a. valve com grisinn; :1 head 1E) With a taperingextension 20 that projects into the passage 16, the head. when seated asshown in Figure 1, shuttingoff the supply of fuel through such passage,but when raised {)Orlhibdllg the fuel, to pass in graduated amount, asdetermined by the postion of the extension, through notches grooves 2-1formed in the side of such "The upwardly extending stem, or spindle ofthe val e isqguided in fi ti aperture formed in a core'd" ou center 23which caps the upper end of tlie duct 15, Such valve-spindle has securedto its upper i ejecting ertrern j the aforesaid piston 6. that fitswithin the annular throttle valve 1-, and said spindle is also provided,short distance above the lower valve 19, with cylindrical enlargement 25fitting. as a valve within the duct and normally closing a series ofapertures 26 formed in the lateral wall of such duct. This valve-likeenlargement, however, is pierced longitudinally by a plurality ofapertures 27 which leave the portions of the duct above and below thesame in substantially unrestricted communication with each other.

Communication with the external atmosphere is provided for the interiorof the duct 15 by means of a passage 28 formed in one of the spider arms29, such passage communicating with the interior of the spidercenter 23and thus with the duct, as clearly shown in Figures 1 and 3. r

The bolts 30, it will be understood, merely serve to secure together theseveral component parts of the casing 1. A set screw 31 may also beprovided in conjunction with valve 4, whereby the relative movement ofthe piston 6 may be regulated, or its upper position limited tocorrespond with the settin of the first-named, i. e. throttle valve.

aving thus described the construction of my improved carburetor, itsmode of operation should be readily apparent. In starting the engine,the throttle, of course, is opened only slightly, this serving to raisethe edge of the annular valve 4. a trifle above the spider-center 23, onwhich it normally seats. The interior of the valve 4 acts as a cylinderfor the piston 6 and the suction of the engine will thereupon raise theinner valve 6, and of course correspondingly raise the fuelvalve 19 andat the same time open the apertures 26 in the lateral wall of the duct15. In this position of the parts the air is drawn largely through thepassage 28 in the spider, downwardly through the duct 15 to theapertures just named, where it is commingled with the fuel, sprayedupwardly past the valve 19 through the recesses 21 therein. The mingledair and gasoline, or other fuel, vapor, thence passes upwardly into theupper chamber of the carburetor and to the engine. 7

As more power is desired, the throttle is opened wider, correspondinglyraising the auxiliary air valve, and at the same time permitting thefuel supply valve to be raised that much higher, the increased amount offuel being reduced to the proper degree of richness by the additionalair drawn in through the apertures 13 which then passes through theports 26 into the duct 15. Such, fuel, however, is initially mingled, asin the starting stage, with the air drawn through the spider passage,28,and then intermingled with the auxiliary air supply, insuringthorough vaporization of the fuel and uniformity in the charge asfinally drawn past the throttle valve and admitted to the engine. V

The foregoing construction of carburetor has been found in actual teststo have surprisingly ellicient action, this being attributable to theautomatic control of the fuel sup-r ply by the effect of the enginesuction on the inner valve 6, the range of movement of the latter beingincreased as the throttle valve is raised, and the raising of the latterserving at the same time to admit sufficient auxiliary air to maintainthe charge at all times at just the right degree of richness.

Other .modes of applying the principle of my invention may be employedinstead of the one explained, change being made as regards the mechanismherein disclosed, provided the means stated by any of the followingclaims or the equivalent of such stated means be employed.

I therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as my inventionIn a device of the character described, the combination of a tubularcasing adapted to be connected with the engine intake at its upper endand having air-inlet openings near the lower end, said casing having anintermediate constricted portion; a central duct in said casing closedat its upper end and having fuel supply connections at its lower end,said duct having lateral ppertures communicating with the casinginterior and an exterior air-supply connection; an annular throttlevalve adapted to seat on said closed duct-end and, in such position, tofill such constricted casing portion; a valve, operatively connectedwith said annular valve, adapted to control the air-inlet opening insaid casing; a valve in lower end of said duct adapted to control thesupply of fuel thereto, said valve having a stem extending upwardthrough the upper end of said duct;

a suction-controlled valve attached to the upper end of said stem andfitted within said annular valve; and a longitudinallyperforatedcylindrical valve fitted within said duct and adapted tocontrol the lateral apertures therein.

v digned by me, this let day of May, 1918,

FREDERICK l'V. W'AKEF

